The curriculum of Fellowship in reproductive medicine in India incorporates advanced training modules and competence in the field of infertility and reproductive medicine. Over the course of this one-year fellowship program in India, participants must finish the following modules:
Module 1: Anatomy, Physiology, and Endocrinology
➢ Overview of female and male reproductive anatomy and embryology:
Most significantly, a female reproductive system consists of fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, and a vagina while the male reproductive system comprises of the prostate, penis, seminal vesicles, testes and sperm transport tubes. However, the foundational structures of the embryo are shared by both the systems. In a male, the gonads become testes and masculine organs develop if there is a Y chromosome. Without it, feminine parts develop and the gonads become ovaries in a female. While the difference in reproductive organs is very evident, the fact remains that hormones are largely responsible for these alterations. Want to know more? Enroll for the Fellowship in Reproductive Medicine in Bangalore at Dr. Kamini Rao’s Medline Academics.
➢ Understanding hormonal regulation of the reproductive system:
Many complex hormones work together to regulate the reproductive system, in which they are crucial; hence, hormones affect reproduction in a critical way. When it comes to GnRH, it makes possible pituitary gland stimulation in women, who depend on it for monitoring their periods and having ovaries that produce eggs every month; every cycle starts on the very first day Similarly, other hormones that include estrogen and progesterone secreted by the ovary control the cycle of menstruation leading sporadically into successful fertilization. Testosterone regulates sexual traits and reproductive processes in males. However, this is a short part of the content; For more information, join our Fellowship in Infertility in India.
➢ Evaluation of hormonal disorders related to infertility:
Hormonal abnormalities in fitness are evaluated through measuring summary of key hormones too include FSH, LH, estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone. Ovulation and menstrual disorders may be brought about by polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, and hyperprolactinemia in women whereas lack of sperms can be as a result of low testosterone levels or failure in production due to problems with LH and FSH in men. Diagnostic tests include blood hormone levels, thyroid function tests and imaging investigations. The treatment is to treat hormonal imbalances with medicines, lifestyle changes or assisted reproductive technology. This is not all, learn more about this by getting enrolled for the Fellowship in Reproductive Medicine in India at Medline Academics.
➢ Overview of gametogenesis: oogenesis and spermatogenesis
The creation of gametes is known as gametogenesis. Men produce sperm and women produce eggs through this process. Spermatogenesis begins in the testes where diploid germ cells undergo meiosis to form four haploid spermatozoa starting from puberty and throughout their lives. Ovarian cells begin meiotic division long before birth and then stop at puberty during oocyte development. During every menstrual cycle, one cell does meiosis to produce just one haploid egg as well as some polar bodies that also degenerate. This process recurs but it is can be concluded by menopause. Get to know more – enroll now for the Fellowship in Reproductive Medicine in Bangalore at Medline Academics and explore the latest advances in this field.
Module 2: Evaluation of Infertility
➢ Understanding female infertility and its causes
There are numerous causes of female infertility. These include ovulation difficulties- for example PCOS or thyroid issues; fallopian tube damage because of infections or endometriosis and uterine problems/the fact that the number and quality of eggs decreases as one gets older should also be noted however factors like stress, obesity and smoking sometimes play part in fertility impairment too. Reasons for one’s inability to conceive can not be determined without hormone analysis, and such investigations as imaging studies may not reveal anything certain but laparoscopy is always helpful. The different ways of treating infertility are diverse and numerous than you think. These could be as simple as lifestyle changes; use of drugs; or help with reproduction for example IVF (In vitro Fertilization). Do you want to know more? Reach out to us to find out more about Infertility Fellowship programs in India at Medline Academics.
➢ Evaluation of male infertility and semen analysis
The male infertility evaluation starts with a thorough medical history and a physical exam; thereafter sperm analysis is done hence semen analysis measuring the concentration of sperm cells, motility, shape as well as semen volume if not testosterone level tests during which FSH, LH too can disclose any associated endocrine related issues. When a genetic cause is suspected, genetic testing may be done. Other tests include ultra sounds for structural defects in the body and a post-ejaculate urinalysis to discover retrograde ejaculation. Treatment for this condition varies based on its cause and may range from lifestyle changes to medication therapy to surgery, in vitro fertilisation or ICSI in some cases.
➢ Ovulation assessment and disorders
It includes evaluating basal body temperature, monitoring the menstrual cycle, as well as detecting LH surges with ovulation predictor kits. Testing for progesterone and ultrasound are some confirmatory hormone tests for blood. Some of the issues identified with lack of ovulation include Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid abnormalities, hyperprolactinemia and early ovarian insufficiency. A symptom for these disorders may involve period irregularities or absence. Treatment differs depending on what causes it and it might be lifestyle changes, ovulation inducing medicines (such as clomiphene or letrozole) or some situations you have to first treat underlying conditions.
➢ Tubal and uterine factors in infertility
If your fallopian tubes are blocked or damaged, it might be due to pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, or an operation which then hinder an egg from being fertilized by the sperm causing infertility. When fibroids, polyps, septum or scarring (which is also known as Asherman’s syndrome) are found in the uterus, they can affect embryo implantation, and the woman may then suffer a miscarriage. There are tests like hysterosalpingography (HSG), laparoscopy and hysteroscopy that diagnose it. In case a woman experiences problems with her Fallopian tubes, then it can be addressed through either surgical means, medication administration where required or being subjected to methods such as IVF.
Medline Academics: Training in Infertility Courses
Medline Academics is one of the premium institutions for online infertility courses in india. Commenced by Dr. Kamini Rao, this institution is gaining much of its reputation due to the hybrid mode of education it provides which enables the doctors to pursue their education, without hampering their professional commitments. In addition to the fellowship in reproductive medicine, Medline Academics also offers multiple short-term courses for 2-5 days. If you are looking to upskill your reproductive medicine journey, Medline Academics is the one stop destination for you.
Stay tuned for the next article about the ART techniques and its role in reproductive medicine!
